Which component is used to step up voltage for transmission?

• A. Transformer
• B. Capacitor
• C. Resistor
• D. Inductor

Answer: (A)

Transformers change voltage levels in electrical systems. For long-distance transmission, increasing the voltage while lowering the current reduces the resistive losses in the lines, making power delivery more efficient. A transformer accomplishes this with two coils: the turns on the secondary are more numerous than on the primary, so the output voltage rises while the input power stays roughly the same. This operation only works with alternating current, since it relies on changing magnetic flux. Other components don’t provide a reliable, controlled voltage increase for transmission: capacitors don’t raise voltage in a steady way, resistors simply drop voltage, and inductors store energy without giving a fixed step-up ratio for transmission.